- Time series databases side by side
- Eleven time series databases to consider
- Where to start for your project
- Seasonal patterns can fool your dashboard
- Monitoring databases versus analytics databases
- Questions to ask before you choose a time series database
- Signs you've outgrown an ordinary database
- My plain advice on choosing a time series database
- Frequently asked questions
The best time series databases store data stamped with a time, such as sensor readings, app metrics or market data, and make it quick to query by period. Some are open source monitoring tools, while others are managed cloud services or platforms for industry and finance. Eleven options follow in no particular order.
Every server, website and connected machine produces a steady stream of numbers: how busy it's been, how warm it's running, how many people visited in the last minute. Store that in an ordinary database and it slows to a crawl as the months pile up, which is exactly what time series databases are designed to avoid.
The eleven time series databases below are listed alphabetically and in no particular order, and every description comes from the vendor's own website, read this week. If you're mainly tracking business numbers rather than machine data, my marketing metrics cheat sheet may be all you need.
Time series databases side by side
I checked the free plan column on each tool's own website, as of Oct 2026. Yes means the site names a free plan, a free version, a free allowance or an open source version. Trial only means a time-limited trial. Not stated means the pages I read named neither, even where there's a button inviting you to start for free, so check the vendor's page before you sign up.
| Tool | Type | Good for | Free plan |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Timestream | Managed time series database on AWS | Time series inside an AWS setup | Not stated |
| Apache IoTDB | Industrial IoT time series database | Factory and sensor data | Yes |
| CrateDB | European real-time analytics database | Operational data with full-text and spatial | Yes |
| GreptimeDB | Open source observability database | Metrics, logs and traces together | Yes |
| InfluxDB | Widely used time series database | A large community and ecosystem | Yes |
| kdb+ | Time series analytics platform for capital markets | Trading and financial market data | Trial only |
| Prometheus | Open source monitoring and time series database | Monitoring apps and servers | Yes |
| QuestDB | Low-latency time series database on open formats | Fast queries on streaming data | Yes |
| TDengine | Time series database and industrial data platform | Replacing traditional data historians | Yes |
| TimescaleDB | Time series on PostgreSQL | Teams who already know Postgres | Yes |
| VictoriaMetrics | Open source observability and metrics | Simple, efficient metrics storage | Yes |
Eleven time series databases to consider
Amazon Timestream
Best for: Teams on AWS who want a managed time series service, including the option to run open source InfluxDB databases there.
Apache IoTDB
Best for: Industrial and manufacturing teams who need a lightweight time series database for sensor data with high compression and throughput.
CrateDB
Best for: Analysts who want an open source, European real-time analytics database that handles time series alongside full-text and spatial data.
GreptimeDB
Best for: Platform teams who want one open source database for metrics, logs and traces instead of a separate store for each.
InfluxDB
Best for: Companies who want a long-established time series database with a big open source community and plenty of integrations.
kdb+
Best for: Banks, hedge funds and trading firms that need very fast analysis of market data, from a vendor focused on capital markets.
Prometheus
Best for: Engineering teams who want open source metrics and monitoring for their systems and services, with a time series database built in.
QuestDB
Best for: Developers who need very low-latency queries on live and historical time series, stored on open formats they can take elsewhere.
TDengine
Best for: Industrial teams looking for a modern alternative to traditional data historians, with a free tier and an open source edition.
TimescaleDB
Best for: PostgreSQL users who want time series and real-time analytics on the database they know, from the team now trading as Tiger Data.
VictoriaMetrics
Best for: Engineers who want a simple, efficient open source metrics store with an enterprise option if their monitoring grows.
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Where to start for your project
- Monitoring apps and servers: Prometheus or VictoriaMetrics.
- Teams who already know PostgreSQL: TimescaleDB.
- Factory, sensor and IoT data: Apache IoTDB or TDengine.
- Trading and market data: kdb+.
- Metrics, logs and traces together: GreptimeDB.
- A managed service on AWS: Amazon Timestream.
Seasonal patterns can fool your dashboard
The Office for National Statistics explains that data collected over time form a time series. It notes that seasonal effects, such as retail sales rising each December because of Christmas, can obscure the real movements in the data.
The same happens with website traffic, energy use and sales. Whichever database you choose, plan how you'll compare like with like, such as this December against last December, before you build the dashboards people will act on.
Monitoring databases versus analytics databases
Monitoring-focused databases are built to collect metrics from servers and apps, alert on problems and keep recent data fast. They're the usual choice for engineering teams.
Analytics-focused databases handle long histories and heavier queries, such as comparing years of sensor data. They suit industrial, financial and research work where the past matters as much as the present.
Questions to ask before you choose a time series database
- How many data points arrive each second?
- How long do I need to keep the history?
- Does my team prefer SQL or another query language?
- Will it connect to my dashboards and alerting tools?
- Can I run it myself, or only in the cloud?
- How well does it compress older data?
Signs you've outgrown an ordinary database
- Dashboards take ages to load. Use a time-based store.
- Storage grows every week. Compress older data.
- You keep deleting history to cope. Roll it up instead.
- Sensors send data every second. Pick a database built for it.
Do you make a time series database? Tool makers can ask to be considered for a featured place on this list.
My plain advice on choosing a time series database
Match the database to the job, not the hype. If you're monitoring servers, start with a monitoring-focused tool your team can run easily. If you're analysing years of sensor or market data, choose one built for long histories.
Decide early how long you'll keep detailed data and when you'll roll it up into summaries, because that choice drives storage more than anything else. For turning the numbers into decisions, my guide to using product analytics shows how to read the trends.
Frequently asked questions
What is a time series database?
A time series database stores data points stamped with a time, such as sensor readings or app metrics, and is built to query them quickly by period.
Are time series databases free?
Many are open source or have free tiers, and others are managed services with trials. The free plan column above shows what each vendor's site says.
Can I use a normal SQL database for time series data?
For small amounts, yes. As data grows, a time series database usually handles writes, compression and time-based queries better.
What's the difference between monitoring and analytics?
Monitoring watches what's happening now and raises alerts. Analytics looks back over longer periods to find patterns.
Do time series databases work with dashboards?
Most connect to popular dashboard and alerting tools. Check the integrations each one lists before you choose.
How long should I keep time series data?
It depends on your needs. Many teams keep detailed data for a short period and summarised data for much longer.

