- What a wrong auth pick leaves behind
- Four jobs, nine providers
- Strengths and weak spots of each kind of auth tool
- Check who owns the vendor before you build on it
- Nine auth providers at a glance
- The nine, alphabetically
- For a B2B founder with enterprise buyers in view
- Trial two providers on a single sign-up flow
- Frequently asked questions
Changing authentication after launch means moving every user account and rebuilding sign-in, so this is one API worth choosing slowly. Match the provider to your job: drop-in hosted sign-in, enterprise SSO for B2B sales, open source you run yourself, or auth bundled with the backend you already use. Then trial two on one real sign-up flow.
Get authentication wrong and you won't find out on day one. You find out months later, when a large customer asks for single sign-on and your provider can't do it cleanly, or when you want to move and realise every user record, session and password reset flow lives in someone else's system. That's the real damage of a poor pick: not a bad week, but a migration nobody planned for.
What a wrong auth pick leaves behind
There are three ways this tends to go wrong. The first is outgrowing the tool: you start with email and password for a handful of users, then a business customer wants SSO and user provisioning, and your setup has no clean path there. The second is lock-in: user accounts, sessions and sign-in screens are tied so tightly to one vendor that leaving means asking every user to reset something. The third is the opposite problem, where a team self-hosts to keep control and then spends its evenings patching an identity server instead of building the product.
None of these is fatal, but all three are easier to avoid than to fix. The nine tools below are listed in no particular order and grouped by the job each does best, so you can start from the problem you're most likely to hit.
Four jobs, nine providers
Drop-in hosted sign-in
Clerk leads with ready-made sign-in components and user management you add to an app, and the Okta-backed hosted platform in the list sits in the same group, with quickstarts for a long list of frameworks.
B2B and enterprise SSO
WorkOS AuthKit is aimed squarely at apps that will sell to larger companies. Logto adds multi-tenancy, enterprise SSO and role-based access on open standards, and it's worth a look if your product serves teams rather than individuals.
Open source you host yourself
Keycloak is a full identity and access management server you run on your own infrastructure. SuperTokens is open source too, with a more modular approach to the pieces you add.
Auth bundled with your backend
Firebase Authentication and Supabase Auth both ship as part of a wider backend platform. They make most sense when you're already using, or planning to use, the rest of that platform.
Strengths and weak spots of each kind of auth tool
Hosted sign-in services
The upside is speed: ready-made screens, SDKs and someone else running the servers. The weak spot is that your users' identities live in the vendor's system, so check how you'd export them before you start, not after.
B2B-first auth
These tools are built around organisations, SSO connections and admin settings that enterprise buyers ask for. For a consumer app with no business customers, that structure can be more than you need.
Open source servers
You keep control of the code and the data, and nobody can change the terms under you. The trade is operational: upgrades, security patches and uptime become your team's job.
Bundled backend auth
Sign-in, database and user records come from one place, which keeps a small project simple. The weak spot is that moving auth later often means moving more than auth, because it's woven into the backend around it.
Check who owns the vendor before you build on it
Two of the independent names in this space have changed hands. Stytch's own homepage says it has joined Twilio, and Better Auth's site says it's joining Vercel. That isn't a reason to rule either out, but it changes the questions you ask: whose roadmap you're now on, whether the product stays standalone, and how much notice you'd get of any change.
What to test first: export. Before you write a line of sign-in code, find out how you'd get user records out, including password hashes where the provider allows it, and whether sessions survive a move. A provider that makes leaving easy is a safer bet whoever owns it next.
Nine auth providers at a glance
| Tool | Kind of provider | Who it's for |
|---|---|---|
| Auth0 | Hosted identity platform | Hosted login across many frameworks |
| Clerk | Auth and user management | Drop-in sign-in screens and user management |
| Firebase Authentication | Backend-as-a-service auth | Apps on Google's backend services |
| Keycloak | Open source IAM | Self-hosted single sign-on across several apps |
| Logto | Developer auth infrastructure | SaaS and AI apps adding tenants and roles |
| Stytch | Auth API and identity platform | Auth for people and AI agents |
| Supabase Auth | Postgres backend with built-in auth | Projects already built on Postgres |
| SuperTokens | Open source auth | Open source auth with SSO and tenants |
| WorkOS AuthKit | Auth for B2B and enterprise-ready apps | B2B apps expecting enterprise buyers |
The nine, alphabetically
Sorted by name only. Each line is based on the provider's own description of its product.
Auth0
Best for: Teams that want hosted login with quickstarts and SDKs across many frameworks, with Okta behind the product.
Clerk
Best for: Apps that want drop-in sign-in components, user management and multi-tenancy; the vendor calls it the complete user layer for modern apps.
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Firebase Authentication
Best for: Apps built on Google's backend service that want ready-made UI libraries and SDKs for signing users in.
Keycloak
Best for: Organisations running their own open source identity and access management, with single sign-on across several applications.
Logto
Best for: SaaS and AI apps adding multi-tenancy, enterprise SSO and role-based access over OIDC and OAuth; the vendor says it works with any framework.
Stytch
Best for: Products needing authentication and authorization for people and AI agents, plus, per the vendor, a portal where enterprise customers set up SSO themselves.
Supabase Auth
Best for: Projects on a Postgres backend that want social sign-in, magic links and phone auth bundled in; the vendor ties its security to Row Level Security.
SuperTokens
Best for: Developers who want open source auth covering passwordless, social login, SSO and multi-tenancy, built to be modular, the vendor says.
WorkOS AuthKit
Best for: B2B products expecting enterprise buyers; the vendor's pitch is no auth rewrite between your first customer and your largest.
For a B2B founder with enterprise buyers in view
If there's any chance a larger company will buy your product, shortlist from the B2B group even if your first customers are small, because adding SSO later on a consumer-shaped setup is where the painful rewrites happen. If you're building a consumer app on a bundled backend, the bundled auth makes a sensible start, as long as you've checked the export path. For a wider view of SSO, my SSO providers list covers that job on its own, and the Auth0 alternatives list helps if you're leaving a hosted provider.
Trial two providers on a single sign-up flow
- Write down the sign-in methods you'll need at launch and the ones a bigger customer might ask for later, such as SSO.
- Pick two providers from the group that matches your product, ideally one hosted and one open source.
- Build the same flow in both: sign-up, email check, sign-in, password reset and sign-out.
- Export a test user from each and see what comes out, and whether you could load it somewhere else.
- Add one enterprise-style requirement, such as an SSO connection or a second tenant, and note which one handled it with less custom code.
Do you make an authentication API or auth framework? Tool makers can ask to be considered for a featured place on this list.
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Frequently asked questions
What is an authentication API?
It's a service or library that handles signing users up and in, including passwords, magic links, social sign-in and sessions, so your team doesn't write and secure that code from scratch.
Should a startup self-host authentication?
Only if you have someone who'll own upgrades and security patches. Open source servers give you control, but running them is a real ongoing job.
When do I need enterprise SSO?
Usually when your first larger business customer asks for it during their security review. If that's likely, pick a provider that supports SSO before you launch.
Can I switch auth providers later?
Yes, but it's work. Check how user records and password hashes export, and plan for some users needing to reset a password after the move.
Is auth bundled with a backend platform a good idea?
For small projects already on that platform, it keeps things simple. The trade is that moving auth later often means moving the backend too.


